Table of Contents
CLI Basic Commands
File Management
To edit a text file (using vi)
For info on how to use vi see Basic commands for Linux vi Editor
vi /location_of_file/file_name
To go to a directory
cd /directoryName
Make a directory
mkdir /directoryName
List contents of Directory
dir
Count the number of files in the current Directory and its sub-directories
find . -type f | wc -l
Check size of Directory and sub-directories
du -ah /path/to/dir
Find a file
find / -name fileName
Delete a file
rm fileName
Delete a directory and its content
rm -r directoryName
*Note: Use this command with great care
Move or Rename a file
mv /sourceDirectory/sourceFile /destination
Copy a file
cp /sourceDirectory/sourceFile /destination
Copy groups of file s
cp /sourceDirectory/*.* /destination
Copy a directory and any sub directories
cp -r -p /sourceDirectory /destinationpath
Create a uncompressed tar (.tar) archive
To create a uncompressed (.tar) archive of all files directories and subdirectories in the current directory:
tar -cvf archivefilename.tar *
Create a compressed tar (.tgz) archive
To create a compressed (.tgz) archive of all files directories and subdirectories in the current directory:
tar -cvzf archivefilename.tgz *
Unpack .tar archives
For uncompressed .tar archives:
tar xvf file.tar
Unpack .tar.gz archives
For gzip compressed .tar.gz archives:
tar xvzf file.tar.gz
System Management
Reboot the Synology box=
reboot
Shutdown the Synology box
poweroff
Stop a process
kill processID
Stop a program
killall programName
Display most current processes running
top
Report disk space usage
df
Show all current processes
ps
Show currently open ports and their status
netstat -an
Change Logged in user
If you are logged in as root you can open a new shell as if you just logged in as another user, substitute xxx with the user name. To return to root session use “exit”
su – xxx
Install a ipkg program package
Note: This assumes you have already installed ipkg itself.
ipkg install fileName
Uninstall a ipkg program package
ipkg remove filename
Restart Services
apache
/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S97apache-user.sh restart
appletalk
/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S81atalk.sh restart
cron
/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S04crond.sh stop /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S04crond.sh start
ftp
/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S99ftpd.sh restart
index
/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S66synoindexd.sh restart
itunes
/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S99itunes.sh restart
mysql
/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S21mysql.sh restart
nfs
/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S83nfsd.sh restart
postgresql
/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S20pgsql.sh restart
samba
/usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S80samba.sh restart
SSH
/usr/syno/etc.defaults/rc.d/S95sshd.sh restart
System Information
Check system memory info
cat /proc/meminfo
Check CPU Info
cat /proc/cpuinfo
Check Interrupts in use
cat /proc/interrupts
Check File Systems in use
cat /proc/filesystems
Comprehensive information on the file system format
tune2fs -l /dev/hda3
Check Linux Version
cat /proc/version
Check RAID Devices
cat /proc/mdstat
Check Enviroment Variables
env
Check what physical and logical disks/partitions you have
For multibay NASs and more info
cat /proc/diskstats
or for all NAS types
cat /proc/partitions
or for similar but different info
fdisk -l
Miscellaneous
Clear terminal screen
clear
DSM Version 4.0 uses 1.16.1 with linux kernel 2.6.32.12
- kernel version:
uname -r - busy box version:
cat /etc/* -release vi /etc/passwd, then replace:/sbin/nologin–>/bin/ash
Credits
This howto was taken from Basic commands to get around the Synology Box using the CLI