====== CLI Basic Commands ======

===== File Management =====
==== To edit a text file (using vi) ====
For info on how to use vi see [[http://forum.synology.com/wiki/index.php/Linux_VI_Editor|Basic commands for Linux vi Editor]]
  vi /location_of_file/file_name

==== To go to a directory ====
  cd /directoryName

==== Make a directory ====
  mkdir /directoryName

==== List contents of Directory ====
  dir

==== Count the number of files in the current Directory and its sub-directories ====
  find . -type f | wc -l

==== Check size of Directory and sub-directories ====
  du -ah /path/to/dir

==== Find a file ====
  find / -name fileName

==== Delete a file ====
  rm fileName

==== Delete a directory and its content ====
  rm -r directoryName
*Note: Use this command with great care

==== Move or Rename a file ====
  mv /sourceDirectory/sourceFile /destination

==== Copy a file ====
  cp /sourceDirectory/sourceFile /destination

==== Copy groups of file s====
  cp /sourceDirectory/*.* /destination

==== Copy a directory and any sub directories ====
  cp -r -p /sourceDirectory /destinationpath

==== Create a uncompressed tar (.tar) archive ====
To create a uncompressed (.tar) archive of all files directories and subdirectories in the current directory:
  tar -cvf archivefilename.tar *

==== Create a compressed tar (.tgz) archive ====
To create a compressed (.tgz) archive of all files directories and subdirectories in the current directory:
  tar -cvzf archivefilename.tgz *

==== Unpack .tar archives ====
For uncompressed .tar archives:
  tar xvf file.tar

==== Unpack .tar.gz archives ====
For gzip compressed .tar.gz archives:
  tar xvzf file.tar.gz

===== System Management =====

==== Reboot the Synology box= ===
  reboot

==== Shutdown the Synology box ====
  poweroff

==== Stop a process ====
  kill processID

==== Stop a program ====
  killall programName

==== Display most current processes running ====
  top

==== Report disk space usage ====
  df

==== Show all current processes ====
  ps

==== Show currently open ports and their status ====
  netstat -an

==== Change Logged in user ====
If you are logged in as root you can open a new shell as if you just logged in as another user, substitute xxx with the user name. To return to root session use "exit"

  su – xxx

==== Install a ipkg program package ====
Note: This assumes you have already installed ipkg itself.
  ipkg install fileName

==== Uninstall a ipkg program package ====
  ipkg remove filename

===== Restart Services =====

==== apache ====
  /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S97apache-user.sh restart

==== appletalk ====
  /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S81atalk.sh restart
==== cron ====
  /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S04crond.sh stop
  /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S04crond.sh start

==== ftp ====
  /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S99ftpd.sh restart

==== index ====
  /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S66synoindexd.sh restart

==== itunes ====
  /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S99itunes.sh restart

==== mysql ====
  /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S21mysql.sh restart

==== nfs ====
  /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S83nfsd.sh restart

==== postgresql ====
  /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S20pgsql.sh restart

==== samba ====
  /usr/syno/etc/rc.d/S80samba.sh restart

==== SSH ====
  /usr/syno/etc.defaults/rc.d/S95sshd.sh restart

===== System Information =====

==== Check system memory info ====
  cat /proc/meminfo

==== Check CPU Info ====
  cat /proc/cpuinfo

==== Check Interrupts in use ====
  cat /proc/interrupts

==== Check File Systems in use ====
  cat /proc/filesystems

==== Comprehensive information on the file system format ====
  tune2fs -l /dev/hda3

==== Check Linux Version ====
  cat /proc/version

==== Check RAID Devices ====
  cat /proc/mdstat

==== Check Enviroment Variables ====
  env

==== Check what physical and logical disks/partitions you have ====
For multibay NASs and more info
  cat /proc/diskstats
or for all NAS types
  cat /proc/partitions
or for similar but different info
  fdisk -l

===== Miscellaneous =====
==== Clear terminal screen ====
  clear

===== DSM Version 4.0 uses 1.16.1 with linux kernel 2.6.32.12 =====
  * kernel version: ''uname -r''
  * busy box version: ''cat /etc/* -release''
  * ''vi /etc/passwd'', then replace: ''/sbin/nologin'' --> ''/bin/ash''

===== Credits =====
This howto was taken from [[http://forum.synology.com/wiki/index.php/Basic_commands_to_get_around_the_Synology_Box_using_the_CLI|Basic commands to get around the Synology Box using the CLI]]

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